{"id":89,"date":"2026-09-01T01:24:04","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T17:24:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ziliaochi.cn\/index.php\/2026\/09\/01\/interview-distributed-transaction\/"},"modified":"2026-09-06T01:30:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T17:30:06","slug":"interview-distributed-transaction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ziliaochi.cn\/index.php\/2026\/09\/01\/interview-distributed-transaction\/","title":{"rendered":"\u540e\u7aef\u9762\u8bd5\u771f\u9898\uff1a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u7684 12 \u4e2a\u8ffd\u95ee"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/span>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u30012PC\u3001TCC\u3001Saga\u3001\u5e42\u7b49\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001CAP<\/div>\n
\n
\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \u4e00\u3001\u5148\u95ee\u6e05\u695a\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u4e8c\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a\u56db\u9009\u4e00<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u4e09\u3001\u8ffd\u95ee\u533a\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u624d\u662f\u5206\u6c34\u5cad<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u56db\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7b54\u9898\u6846\u67b6<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u4e94\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    “\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1f”\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u7684\u96be\u70b9\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u8bf4\u51fa\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u625b\u4f4f\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u8ffd\u95ee<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f60\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u8865\u507f\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e42\u7b49\uff1f<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u6587\u6309\u771f\u5b9e\u8ffd\u95ee\u94fe\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c12 \u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c42\u5c42\u9012\u8fdb\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u843d\u5730\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u3001\u5148\u95ee\u6e05\u695a\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h2>\n

    Q1\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5355\u4f53\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08\u672c\u5730\u4e8b\u52a1\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u672c\u5730\u4e8b\u52a1\u4f9d\u8d56\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 ACID\u3002\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e93\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e1a\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u6539\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u4e0d\u5230\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q2\uff1aCAP \u5230\u5e95\u5728\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u533a\uff08P\uff09\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08C\uff09\u4e0e\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff08A\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d6\u820d<\/strong>\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u533a\uff1aCAP \u4e0d\u662f”\u4e09\u9009\u4e8c”\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5f00\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5206\u533a\u53d1\u751f\u65f6<\/strong>\u7684\u53d6\u820d\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u8bc1 CA\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q3\uff1aBASE \u7406\u8bba\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u7528\uff08Basically Available\uff09\u3001\u8f6f\u72b6\u6001\uff08Soft state\uff09\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08Eventually consistent\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u63a5\u53d7\u77ed\u6682\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7528\u8865\u507f\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8d26\u6362\u53d6\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a\u56db\u9009\u4e00<\/h2>\n
    \"\u56db\u79cd\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u6bd4\"
    \u56db\u79cd\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0e\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53d6\u820d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Q4\uff1a2PC\uff08\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\u63d0\u4ea4\uff09\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u534f\u8c03\u8005\u6545\u969c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4e00\u76f4\u9501\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong>\uff08\u963b\u585e\uff09\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u534f\u8c03\u8005\u5b95\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u4ea4<\/strong>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355<\/strong>\uff08\u5982 XA \u4e8b\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q5\uff1aTCC \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u548c 2PC \u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \nTCC \u662f\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\uff1aTry\uff08\u9884\u7559\u8d44\u6e90\uff09\u2192 Confirm\uff08\u786e\u8ba4\uff09\u6216 Cancel\uff08\u91ca\u653e\uff09\u3002\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a2PC \u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u9501\u8d44\u6e90\uff0cTCC \u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42<\/strong>\u505a\u9884\u7559\uff0c\u9501\u7c92\u5ea6\u66f4\u7ec6\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5199\u4e09\u5957\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong>\uff0c\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u6781\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q6\uff1aSaga \u6a21\u5f0f\u600e\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u628a\u957f\u4e8b\u52a1\u62c6\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u672c\u5730\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8865\u507f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3002\u4efb\u4e00\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u5411\u6267\u884c\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u8865\u507f<\/strong>\u3002\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u957f\u671f\u5360\u9501\u3001\u9002\u5408\u957f\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9694\u79bb\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0”\u810f\u8bfb”\uff08\u770b\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q7\uff1a\u672c\u5730\u6d88\u606f\u8868 \/ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u4e8b\u52a1\u6d88\u606f\u600e\u4e48\u505a\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u628a”\u4e1a\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c”\u4e0e”\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001”\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u4e8b\u52a1\u91cc<\/strong>\uff1a\u5148\u5199\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e + \u6d88\u606f\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u6295\u9012\u4efb\u52a1\u628a\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u65b9\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e42\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u843d\u5730\u6210\u672c\u6700\u4f4e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

    -- \u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u4e8b\u52a1\u91cc\u5199\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u6d88\u606f\u8bb0\u5f55\nBEGIN;\nUPDATE account SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE id = 1;\nINSERT INTO local_message(id, topic, payload, state)\nVALUES (uuid(), \"topic-transfer\", '{\"from\":1,\"to\":2,\"amt\":100}', \"INIT\");\nCOMMIT;\n\n-- \u5f02\u6b65\u6295\u9012\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a\u53ea\u6295\u9012 INIT \u72b6\u6001\u4e14\u8fbe\u5230\u91cd\u8bd5\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u6d88\u606f\nSELECT id, payload FROM local_message\n WHERE state = \"INIT\" AND next_retry <= now()\n LIMIT 100 FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED;  -- \u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u9632\u91cd\u590d\u6295\u9012\n-- \u6295\u9012\u6210\u529f\u7f6e SENT\uff0c\u5931\u8d25\u7d2f\u52a0 retry_count \u5e76\u6309\u9000\u907f\u63a8\u540e next_retry<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u6848<\/th>\n\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/th>\n\u4fb5\u5165\u6027<\/th>\n\u6027\u80fd<\/th>\n\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    2PC \/ XA<\/td>\n\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n\u4f4e\uff08\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u505a\uff09<\/td>\n\u5dee<\/td>\n\u91d1\u878d\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u77ed\u4e8b\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    TCC<\/td>\n\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n\u9ad8\uff08\u5199\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09<\/td>\n\u8f83\u597d<\/td>\n\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u4ea4\u6613\u6838\u5fc3\u94fe\u8def<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Saga<\/td>\n\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n\u4e2d\uff08\u5199\u8865\u507f\uff09<\/td>\n\u597d<\/td>\n\u957f\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u8de8\u591a\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u4e8b\u52a1\u6d88\u606f<\/td>\n\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n\u4f4e<\/td>\n\u597d<\/td>\n\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u8ffd\u95ee\u533a\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u624d\u662f\u5206\u6c34\u5cad<\/h2>\n
    Q8\uff1a\u8865\u507f\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u4e09\u5c42\u9632\u7ebf\uff1a\u2460 \u8865\u507f\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u91cd\u8bd5\uff08\u5e42\u7b49\uff09\uff1b\u2461 \u91cd\u8bd5\u8981\u6709\u6700\u5927\u6b21\u6570\u4e0e\u9000\u907f\u7b56\u7565\uff1b\u2462 \u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u961f\u5217\u5e76\u544a\u8b66<\/strong>\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u8ba1”\u6700\u7ec8\u515c\u5e95”\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u65f6\u70b8\u5f39\u3002<\/p>\n
    Q9\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e42\u7b49\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u5e38\u89c1\u56db\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n