{"id":250,"date":"2026-09-06T00:44:06","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T16:44:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ziliaochi.cn\/index.php\/2026\/09\/06\/interview-arkts-concurrency\/"},"modified":"2026-09-06T00:44:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T16:44:06","slug":"interview-arkts-concurrency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ziliaochi.cn\/index.php\/2026\/09\/06\/interview-arkts-concurrency\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9e3f\u8499 ArkTS \u9762\u8bd5 25 \u95ee\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/span>\u9e3f\u8499\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u3001ArkTS\u3001TaskPool\u3001Worker\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u3001ArkUI \u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406<\/div>\n
\n
\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \u4e00\u3001ArkTS \u4e0e TypeScript\uff1a\u5230\u5e95\u5dee\u5728\u54ea<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u4e8c\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u540d\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u5dee\u5f02<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u4e09\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9e3f\u8499\u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u533a<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u56db\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u6e32\u67d3\uff1a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8fde\u73af\u8ffd\u95ee<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u4e94\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u8e29\u5751\u6e05\u5355<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u516d\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    \u9e3f\u8499\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u91cc\uff0cArkTS \u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u80fd\u533a\u5206”\u5199\u8fc7 Demo”\u548c”\u505a\u8fc7\u9879\u76ee”\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1aArkTS \u4e0d\u662f TypeScript<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u5728 TS \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e86\u9759\u6001\u7ea6\u675f\uff1b\u800c\u9e3f\u8499\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\uff08TaskPool \/ Worker\uff09\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u5dee\u5f02\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u53ea\u4f1a\u7528 async\/await<\/code>\uff0c\u4e00\u95ee\u5230\u8de8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u5c31\u7b54\u4e0d\u4e0a\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u6587\u6309\u8bed\u8a00\u7ea6\u675f \u2192 \u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf \u2192 \u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b \u2192 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1 \u2192 \u5e38\u89c1\u5751<\/strong>\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6bcf\u9898\u7ed9\u51fa\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u53e3\u8ff0\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

    \"\u4e09\u79cd\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\u600e\u4e48\u9009\"
    Promise \/ TaskPool \/ Worker \u4e0e\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    \u4e00\u3001ArkTS \u4e0e TypeScript\uff1a\u5230\u5e95\u5dee\u5728\u54ea<\/h2>\n

    Q1\uff1aArkTS \u662f TypeScript \u7684\u8d85\u96c6\u8fd8\u662f\u5b50\u96c6\uff1f<\/h3>\n

    \u4e25\u683c\u8bf4\u662f”\u53d7\u9650\u5b50\u96c6 + \u6269\u5c55”<\/strong>\u3002ArkTS \u57fa\u4e8e TypeScript \u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u52a8\u780d\u6389\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u3001ArkUI \u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u88ab\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u56e0\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b<\/strong>\u3002ArkTS \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5f3a\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u9884\u671f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027\u4f1a\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

    Q2\uff1a\u5177\u4f53\u54ea\u4e9b TS \u7279\u6027\u5728 ArkTS \u91cc\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u53d7\u9650\u7279\u6027<\/th>\n\u5178\u578b\u5199\u6cd5<\/th>\nArkTS \u7684\u5904\u7406<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u52a8\u6001\u589e\u5220\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>\nobj.newProp = 1<\/code><\/td>\n\u7981\u6b62<\/strong>\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ed3\u6784\u987b\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u786e\u5b9a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u9e2d\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\uff09<\/td>\n\u9690\u5f0f\u7ed3\u6784\u517c\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u91c7\u7528\u540d\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u578b\u5173\u7cfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    any<\/code> \/ unknown<\/code> \u6ee5\u7528<\/td>\nlet x: any<\/code><\/td>\n\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350 \/ \u53d7\u9650<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u663e\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e03\u5c40<\/td>\ndelete obj.a<\/code><\/td>\n\u7981\u6b62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u90e8\u5206\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7c7b\u578b\u4f53\u64cd<\/td>\n\u6761\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6620\u5c04\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49<\/td>\n\u652f\u6301\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7c7b\u578b\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \n

    \u9ad8\u5206\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a“ArkTS \u7528’\u727a\u7272\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 TS \u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027’\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u4e86’\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u53ef\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e03\u5c40’\u3002”<\/strong>\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u540e\u9762\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u9650\u5236\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u7ed9\u5c5e\u6027\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    Q3\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 ArkTS \u8981\u6c42\u5c5e\u6027\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u6216\u660e\u786e\u53ef\u9009\uff1f<\/h3>\n
    \/\/ \u4e0d\u5408\u89c4\uff1a\u5c5e\u6027\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e14\u672a\u6807\u8bb0\u53ef\u9009\nclass User {\n  name: string        \/\/ \u62a5\u9519\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6216\u6807\u8bb0 ?\n}\n\n\/\/ \u5408\u89c4\u5199\u6cd5\nclass User {\n  name: string = ''                 \/\/ \u7ed9\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\n  age?: number                      \/\/ \u660e\u786e\u53ef\u9009\n  readonly id: string               \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8d4b\u503c\n  constructor(id: string) { this.id = id }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u751f\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e03\u5c40\uff08\u9690\u85cf\u7c7b\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u624d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9000\u5316\u6210\u54c8\u5e0c\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9 AOT \u7f16\u8bd1\u96be\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u540d\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u5dee\u5f02<\/h2>\n
    Q4\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u540d\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\uff08Nominal Typing\uff09\uff1f\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/h3>\n
    interface PointA { x: number; y: number }\ninterface PointB { x: number; y: number }\n\n\/\/ TypeScript\uff08\u7ed3\u6784\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u540c\u5373\u53ef\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u901a\u8fc7\nlet a: PointA = { x: 1, y: 2 }\nlet b: PointB = a          \/\/ OK\n\n\/\/ ArkTS\uff08\u540d\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u578b\u5173\u7cfb\ninterface PointB extends PointA { }   \/\/ \u6216\u7528 implements\nlet b: PointB = a as PointB           \/\/ \u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u4ece TS \u8fc1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9690\u5f0f\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519<\/strong>\u3002\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u7528 extends<\/code>\/implements<\/code> \u663e\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6216\u9002\u5ea6\u91cd\u6784\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5230\u5904 as<\/code> \u5f3a\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n
    Q5\uff1aas<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u5728 ArkTS \u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9650\u5236\uff1f<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • \u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6709\u7ee7\u627f\/\u5b9e\u73b0\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00<\/strong>\uff08obj!.prop<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u4e0d\u80fd<\/strong>\u50cf TS \u90a3\u6837\u7528 as any<\/code> \u7ed5\u8fc7\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u2014\u2014ArkTS \u5bf9 any<\/code> \u7684\u652f\u6301\u662f\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u4f18\u5148\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u5b88\u536b<\/strong>\uff08instanceof<\/code>\u3001typeof<\/code>\uff09\u505a\u5b89\u5168\u6536\u7a84\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u8f6c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      Q6\uff1a\u6cdb\u578b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\u600e\u4e48\u843d\u5730\uff1f<\/h3>\n
      \/\/ \u6cdb\u578b\u7ea6\u675f\nfunction getFirst<T extends object>(list: T[]): T | undefined {\n  return list.length > 0 ? list[0] : undefined\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\nlet name: string | undefined = getName()\n\/\/ let len = name.length            \/\/ \u62a5\u9519\uff1a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a undefined\nlet len = name?.length ?? 0         \/\/ \u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u53ef\u9009\u94fe + \u7a7a\u503c\u5408\u5e76\n\nif (name !== undefined) {\n  console.info(name.length)         \/\/ \u6536\u7a84\u540e\u5b89\u5168\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8981\u70b9\uff1aArkTS \u7684\u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u5f3a\u5236\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0e Kotlin\/Swift \u7684\u53ef\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b\u601d\u8def\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u517b\u6210\u7528 ?. <\/code> \u548c ??<\/code> \u7684\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u6bd4\u5230\u5904\u52a0 !<\/code> \u65ad\u8a00\u66f4\u53ef\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9e3f\u8499\u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u533a<\/h2>\n
      Q7\uff1a\u9e3f\u8499\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\uff1f\u600e\u4e48\u9009\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u80fd\u529b<\/th>\n\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/th>\n\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/th>\n\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      TaskPool<\/strong><\/td>\n\u4efb\u52a1\u6c60\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7edf\u4e00\u8c03\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u4efb\u52a1\u7ea7\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/td>\n\u9996\u9009<\/strong>\uff1aCPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u3001\u77ed\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u53ef\u5e76\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Worker<\/strong><\/td>\n\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5e38\u9a7b\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\/\u9500\u6bc1<\/td>\n\u957f\u9a7b\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u8017\u65f6\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Promise\/async<\/strong><\/td>\n\u540c\u4e00\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u5f02\u6b65<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u8131\u79bb\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1aIO \u7b49\u5f85\u3001\u987a\u5e8f\u7f16\u6392<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n
      \u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u9009\u578b\uff1a\u80fd\u7528 TaskPool \u5c31\u7528 TaskPool\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5e38\u9a7b\u624d\u7528 Worker\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7b49 IO \u7528 Promise \u5c31\u591f\u4e86\u3002<\/strong>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u8bef\u533a\u662f\u628a async\/await<\/code> \u5f53\u6210”\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b”\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u7b49\u5f85<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u4ecd\u5728\u539f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
      Q8\uff1aTaskPool \u600e\u4e48\u7528\uff1f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9650\u5236\uff1f<\/h3>\n
      import { taskpool } from '@kit.ArkTS'\n\n@Concurrent\nfunction heavyCompute(data: number[]): number {\n  \/\/ \u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u6c60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\n  let sum = 0\n  for (const v of data) sum += v * v\n  return sum\n}\n\nasync function run() {\n  const data = generateLargeArray()\n  \/\/ \u6d3e\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de Promise\n  const result = await taskpool.execute(heavyCompute, data) as number\n  console.info(`\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a${result}`)\n\n  \/\/ \u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\n  const tasks = chunks.map(c => new taskpool.Task(heavyCompute, c))\n  const results = await taskpool.execute(tasks) as number[]\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4e09\u4e2a\u786c\u6027\u9650\u5236\u5fc5\u987b\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u5fc5\u987b\u7528 @Concurrent<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/strong>\u6807\u6ce8\u5e76\u53d1\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u5185\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8\u95ed\u5305\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u64cd\u4f5c UI<\/strong>\uff1btaskpool<\/code> \u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709 UI \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u53e6\u5916\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u9650<\/strong>\uff08\u957f\u8017\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5efa\u8bae\u7528 Worker\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u56fa\u5b9a\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\u505a\u4e1a\u52a1\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n
        Q9\uff1aWorker \u548c TaskPool \u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/h3>\n
        \u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/strong>\uff0c\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u514b\u9686\uff08\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\/\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff09<\/strong>\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u3002\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n